Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactobacillus brevis NES-428 in a Hyperthyroidism Mouse Model: Potential Applications for Graves’ Disease

doi: 10.3390/nu17182967

Figure Lengend Snippet: NES-428 modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine transcription in Jurkat T cells. In the non-treated (NC) group, the cells were simply maintained for 24 h without any stimulation. In the stimulated control (ST) group, the same number of cells was exposed to 50 ng/mL of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 1 µg/mL ionomycin for 6 h. For the NES-428 group, Jurkat cells were first incubated for 24 h with heat-killed NES-428, after which they were stimulated by 50 ng/mL PMA and 1 µg/mL ionomycin for 6 h. Total RNA was extracted from each group, and cytokine expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Relative mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ was shown. NC = untreated control; ST = stimulated positive control. Data represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments; p < 0.05 vs. NC.

Article Snippet: To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of NES-428, the human T lymphocyte cell line Jurkat (ATCC TIB-152) was employed for cytokine expression analysis.

Techniques: Control, Incubation, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Positive Control

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Synthetic Peptides Based on Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) Protein for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs)

doi: 10.3390/cells12182294

Figure Lengend Snippet: PEP-1 decreases the mRNA expression level of IL-2 and IL-2Rα in Jurkat cells. The level of IL-2 ( A ) and IL-2Rα ( B ) mRNA relative expression was evaluated by qPCR in Jurkat cells treated or not with GILZ peptides (0.1 μM) for 1 h. Afterward, cells were activated with PMA and Ionomycin for 6 h and treated with acetonitrile alone (vehicle), scramble, or PEP peptides (0.1 μM), as indicated in the figure. Graphs represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005, **** p < 0.0001, P -values were calculated according to unpaired Student’s t -test. ns: non-significant.

Article Snippet: Jurkat human T lymphocytic leukemia cell line was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection, (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Synthetic Peptides Based on Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) Protein for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs)

doi: 10.3390/cells12182294

Figure Lengend Snippet: PEP-1 decreases pNF-κB/p65 activation in Jurkat cells. Representative dot plots of flow cytometry analysis of p-NF-κB/p65 in Jurkat cells stimulated or not with PMA and ionomycin for 15 min ( A ). Numbers within quadrants represent the frequency of the gated population of positive pNF-κB cells treated with scramble or PEP-1 peptide (5 μM), compared to the frequency of positive pNF-κB unstimulated Jurkat cells. After that, graphs represent the frequency of pNF-κB+ live Jurkat cells treated with different doses of PEP-1 at the concentration indicated in the above graphs ( B ). Graphs represent the mean of at least three independent experiments ± SD. * p < 0.05. p -values were calculated using the unpaired Student’s t -test. ns: non-significant.

Article Snippet: Jurkat human T lymphocytic leukemia cell line was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection, (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Flow Cytometry, Concentration Assay